Kiev (or Kyiv) is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located on the Dnieper River. Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational, and cultural centre of the region. It is home to many educational institutions and famous historical landmarks, including the Cathedral of St. Sophia with mosaics and frescoes dating back to the 11th century; Kievo-Percherskaya Lavra monastery and the Golden Gate of Kiev, which dates back to 1037.